comment on this calibration
Notoptera
Lineage (NCBI):
root
» Eukaryota
» Opisthokonta
» Metazoa
» Eumetazoa
» Bilateria
» Coelomata
» Protostomia
» Ecdysozoa
» Panarthropoda
» Arthropoda
» Mandibulata
» Pancrustacea
» Hexapoda
» Insecta
» Dicondylia
» Pterygota <winged insects>
» Neoptera
» Orthopteroidea
| node name Notoptera Look for this name in NCBI Wikipedia Animal Diversity Web | ||
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recommended citations Wolfe et al. 2016 |
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node minimum age 158.1 Ma This fossil was found in deposits of the Daohugou Beds, Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, China (Huang et al., 2008a). There has been controversy about the accuracy and precise age and stratigraphic position of the Daohugou Beds (Gao and Ren, 2006; Wang et al., 2005; Zhang, 2015). The beds consist of 100–150 m thick succession of grey white or locally reddish, thinly bedded claystones, shales, siltstones and sandy mudstones with intercalated ash-fall tuffs and ignimbrites. Ages have been proposed from Aalenian (Middle Jurassic) to Early Cretaceous (Liu et al., 2014;Wang et al., 2000),with several studies converging on Callovian-Oxfordian (Late Jurassic; Zhang, 2015). Radiometric dating of the ignimbrite swith 40Ar/39Ar and SHRIMP U-Pb variously yields dates between 165Ma±2.5Myr and 158.7Ma±0.6Myr (Chang et al., 2009b; Gao and Ren, 2006; He et al., 2004; Peng et al., 2012b). The fossiliferous shales overlay the volcanic deposits (Gao and Ren, 2006),and are thus younger. The isotopic dates nonetheless provide a reasonable refutation of Cretaceous age estimates. Furthermore, the Daohugou Beds may be correlated to sediments from Oxfordian localities in China and Kazakhstan (Zhang, 2015). The most conservative (i.e. youngest) of the direct radiometric dates is 158.1 Ma (within the Oxfordian), giving a minimum age. | ||
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node maximum age 411 Ma This fossil was discovered in amber from the Mdeyrij-Hammana outcrop of the Baabda district, Mount Lebanon (Azar et al., 2010). Recent revision of the stratigraphy of Lebanese amber deposits place sthe Hammana fossils in the upper interval of the Grès du Liban (Maksoud et al., in press). This is below the Jezzinian regional stage (Maksoud et al., 2014) and above the Banc deMrejatt subunit (indicated as Ba3–Ba4 in Fig. 4 of Maksoud et al., in press). Despite the lack of microfossils to further constrain the oldest boundary of the Jezzinian within the late Barremian, there is evidence that later Lebanese amber deposits bear the same age as Jezzine amber (see Section 26.3) because the amber itself has been reworked (Maksoud et al., in press).We adopt the early Barremian minimum age proposed by Maksoud et al. (in press). The upper boundary of the early Barremian is proposed to be the first appearance of the ammonite A. vandenheckii (Ogg et al.,2012a). Cyclostratigraphy dates the A. vandenheckii Zone beginning at 129.41 Ma (Ogg et al., 2012a), providing a minimum age for Jezzine Lebanese amber fossils. | ||
| primary fossil used to date this node | ||
NIGP 142171 | ||
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phylogenetic justification
J. sinica has several characters in common with crown Mantophasmatodea. These include: a third tarsomere with a sclerotized elongated dorsal process, enlarged and fanlike pretarsal arolia, last tarsomere at right angle to the others, female gonoplacs short and claw shaped, and egg with a circular ridge (Huang et al., 2008a). As no morphological matrix exists for Mantophasmatodea, relationships to extant lineages are not possible to test (Huang et al., 2008a). The fossil is excluded from the crown group of Grylloblattodea as it lacks segmented cerci. Thus, conservatively, a position on the stem lineage of Mantophasmatodea is likely (although J. sinica could be amended to within the crown of Mantophasmatodea). This would, in any case, mean it is a member of crown Notoptera. |
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phylogenetic reference(s)
Huang, D., Nel, A., Zompro, O.,Waller, A., 2008. Mantophasmatodea now in the Jurassic. Naturwissenschaften 95, 947–952.
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| tree image (click image for full size) | ||
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Figure 19 from Wolfe et al. (2015).
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