comment on this calibration
Bungarus
Lineage (NCBI):
root
» Eukaryota
» Opisthokonta
» Metazoa
» Eumetazoa
» Bilateria
» Coelomata
» Deuterostomia
» Chordata
» Craniata <chordata>
» Vertebrata <Metazoa>
» Gnathostomata <vertebrate>
» Euteleostomi
» Sarcopterygii
» Tetrapoda
» Amniota
» Sauropsida
» Sauria
» Lepidosauria
» Scleroglossa
» Serpentes
» Colubroidea
» Elapidae
» Bungarus
| node name Bungarus Look for this name in NCBI Wikipedia Animal Diversity Web | ||
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recommended citations http://palaeo-electronica.org/content/fc-9 Head et al. 2016 |
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node minimum age 10.215 Ma The minimum age is based on the maximum age estimate for locality Y-450, the oldest record of Bungarus from the Siwalik Group of the Potwar Plateau, Pakistan (Barry et al., 2002; Head, 2005). Precise magnetostratigraphic analysis combined with sedimentation rate estimates has resolved Siwalik Group fossil localities to a temporal resolution of 104 years (e.g., Flynn et al., 1990; Barry et al., 2002). | ||
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node maximum age None specified | ||
| primary fossil used to date this node | ||
H-GSP 53026 | ||
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phylogenetic justification
Assignment to the clade consisting of Bungarus species more closely related to each other than to B. bungaroides or B. flaviceps is based on the presence of both expanded prezygapophyseal accessory processes and postzygapophyseal accessory processes (McDowell, 1970; Slowinski, 1994). |
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phylogenetic reference(s)
Slowinski, J.B. 1994. A phylogenetic analysis of Bungarus (Elapidae) based on morphological characters. Journal of Herpetology, 28:440-446.
McDowell, S.B. 1970. On the status and relationships of the Solomon Island elapid snakes. Journal of Zoology, 161:145-190.
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| tree image (click image for full size) | ||
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Figure 1 from Head et al. (2016).
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